case study : a look at environmental and social risk management in projects financed by IDB

A look at environmental and social risk management in projects finanaced by IDB

*IDB : 라틴아메리카 개발을 촉진하기 위한 은행

 

form edX lecture

 

•  Environmental Policy

The main objective of the IDB's Environmental Policy is to ensure that operations financed by the Bank and sustainable from an environmental and social perspective. Meaning, 사람과 환경에 긍정적인 영향은 최대화하고, 부정적인 영향은 최소화하기 위한 자금 조달을 한다. 

1) Screening and categorization

발생가능한 부정적 영향을 인식하고, 이 영향의 심각도에 따라 분류(categorization). Category A : Significant negative impacts 환경과 사회에 심각한 영향을 주는 것, B : Local and short-term negative impacts 환경과 사회에 단기적이고 지역적 영향을 주는 것, C : Minimal or no potential negative impacts 환경과 사회에 거의 영향을 주지 않거나 아예 영향을 주지 않는 것 

2) Public consultation : consider points of view of affected and interested parties for participatory, transparent. To ensure that the process achieves its objectives, information must be provided in appropriate locations, formats, and languages.

3) Natural habitats : Protected areas, Wetlands with high biodiversity, Habitats of endangered species. IDB는 중요한 자연 서식지의 저하를 암시하는 운영/사업을 지원하지 않을 것이다.

4) Pollution : IDB는 오염 방지 표준을 명확히 정의할 것이다.

 

- Promote long-term development benefits

- Environmental and social sustainability 

- Mitigating the negative impacts

 

 

• Work and labor conditions

 

Good employee-employer relationships are essential. The IDB promotes fair, safe, and healthy working conditions in all its projects. The IDB promotes fair treatment, non-iscrimination, and equal opportunities for workers in decisions regarding recruitment and hiring, remuneration, access to training, promotion, or dismissal. IDB는 고용 및 고용, 보수, 교육, 승진 또는 해고에 관한 결정에서 노동자에게 공정한 대우, 비차별, 평등한 기회를 제공한다.

 

To achieve the objectives of promoting fair, safe and healthy working conditions

- Analyze risks

- Develop procedures

- Identify, evaluate, and mitigate hazards, workplace accidents, or sickness

 

Executing agencies should ensure compliance

 

• Community health and safety

Project impacts to communities : Breaking people's routine, Disrupt the way of life

Impacts from public works include : Dust, Noise, Vibrations, Workers and foreigners, Changes to traffic, Interruptions to basic services. 이것은 특히 자연환경과 가까이 거주하고 있는 인구(토착 사회)에 특히 취약하다. 

 

Good community health and safety programs -> Ensure good coexistence between communities and project

 

• Involuntary resettlement

정부가 공익상 토지를 취해야할 경우, 그 곳에 거주하고 있던 공동체(원주민)이 다른 곳으로 이주할 수 밖에 없는 경우. The bank's policy on resettlements aims to reflect all these concerns. : Perform timely consultations, Present options, Listen to their opnions, Restore standards of living, Look for different alternatives to avoid or minimize displacement.

 

- Try to avoid it whenever possible

- Identify economically and technically viable options that do not imply resettlement or reduce its probability.

 

• Indigenous peoples

Indigenous people is direct dexcendants of the people that inhabited the American continent prior to colonization, maintain their own sociocultural identity.

 

원주민에 대한 배제와 부정적인 영향은 어떻게 방지되고 최소화되는가? 예를 들어 기존 도로를 확장하는 프로젝트 수행 중 원주민 사회에서 문화적, 종교적으로 중요한 장소를 파괴할 가능성이 있다면 new access point를 만들어 해당 장소를 보존할 수 있다. 상담은 그들의 언어로 시행되어야 하며, 원주민이 참여해야 한다. 은행은 이를 "문화적으로 적절한" 협의를 하고 있다고 한다. 

 

In cases where there are potencially significant adverse impacts on indigenous peoples, their consent must be obtained as a condition for financing.

 

• Gender equality

Gender equality promotes higher levels of human capital by harnessing the potential of all people, regardless of gender. This is why, for the Bank, promoting gender equality is both an end in itself and a means to fulfill its mission of accelerating economic and social development in the region.